Ricoh printheads

Powder and inkjet printing
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notsure
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Re: Ricoh printheads

Post by notsure »

Now you are finding out how Xaar makes money from charging you to have a waveform placed into the heads flashrom.

The heads used for UV inks are the models with built in heaters. You can run UV inks through unheated heads like you might see with the modified Chinese Epson UV desktop printers but they will be low viscosity UV inks at room temp. What is generally done is a UV ink with a viscosity of 100-200 cPs at room temp is heated inside the heads and the viscosity drop to ~10cPs. Xaar has some newer high viscosity heads that can use even higher viscosity inks ~1,000 cPs at room temp and ~100cPs at jetting temp (50-90C)
chacha wrote: Fri Nov 03, 2023 10:02 am I also have the intention of making an ink circulation system, mainly to facilitate the heating of the ink material. At present, I am developing the nozzle of Xaar1002/1003 series, and I have completed most of the hardware design work, and I am still debugging the firmware code. Unfortunately, I do not have the waveform editing tool of this type of printhead, so I can only control the nozzle pressure by voltage.
Why did you develop this circulation system?
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notsure
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Re: Ricoh printheads

Post by notsure »

You use a drop watcher to check on the drop formation while jetting, This is how you tweak the ink formulation as well as the firing waveform.

Inkjet manufacturers keep everything secret since they want complete control of the entire system from fluids to heads and software.

Approval for your ink to be listed as compatible can cost upwards of $50k. They also don't want you to buy and sell heads from 3rd parties.

You can buy Chinese versions of many UV inks on Alibaba and similar, same for the printheads, you just won't get specs that way.

UV inks are formulations of monomers and oligomers. The monomers are lower viscosity with qualities of being an active solvent, viscosity reducer, adhesion promoter, etc. Oligomers are higher viscosity components that give the ink its strength and flexibility. Photoinitiators are with light what triggers the change from mono- and oligo- to poly-mers. Other components are things like pigments or dyes for color, controls for surface tension, matting agents, etc etc.

For most piezo heads you target 10-12 cPs for viscosity at jetting temp.
picoj wrote: Thu Nov 09, 2023 2:32 am To start with though i'm going to be doing just basic jetting for a while to test the compatibility of my ink. I also have some thoughts to make a DIY drop watcher but probably this isn't required.

In terms of my ink / application I might not talk about this very much sorry. Though all my ideas usually turn to dust i'm hoping it will become more than a hobby at some point. In like likely event my idea doesn't work, i'll definitely share it but it's a chemistry process thing that's probably not too interesting anyway for most people :lol:

Still I wanted to document my build of the printer side of things so others could replicate it in the future. It's so frustrating that there's such little inkjet info out there
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notsure
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Re: Ricoh printheads

Post by notsure »

I have been using LinuxCNC for motion control complex inkjet printers for many years. I can even control 5-axis systems.
bsnbipen wrote: Tue Nov 07, 2023 4:06 am 1. What kind of controller are you trying to using in your printer for motion? How do you plan to sync the motion with jetting?
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chacha
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Re: Ricoh printheads

Post by chacha »

Are you still doing it? Do you have an E-mail address to contact you?
picoj
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Re: Ricoh printheads

Post by picoj »

Sorry it's been a while, I am still working on this. I have managed to get basic printing working enough to print some test patterns. I am currently working on the FPGA system for taking images and then sending them to the printhead etc.

This project was significantly more complicated than I initially expected. I ended up having to buy 3 print heads. The first was for a Mimaki printer and had a non-standard connector. The second I bought used and arrived broken. Eventually I just bought a new one. Progress was also slowed when I got busy with work and other projects I am working on also.

Anyway i'm happy to share my experiences, just send me a private message and I can give you my email address. I can also post some photos of some parts of my setup if everyone is interested.
chacha
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Re: Ricoh printheads

Post by chacha »

picoj wrote: Thu Mar 28, 2024 9:40 pm Sorry it's been a while, I am still working on this. I have managed to get basic printing working enough to print some test patterns. I am currently working on the FPGA system for taking images and then sending them to the printhead etc.

This project was significantly more complicated than I initially expected. I ended up having to buy 3 print heads. The first was for a Mimaki printer and had a non-standard connector. The second I bought used and arrived broken. Eventually I just bought a new one. Progress was also slowed when I got busy with work and other projects I am working on also.

Anyway i'm happy to share my experiences, just send me a private message and I can give you my email address. I can also post some photos of some parts of my setup if everyone is interested.
send you a private message,please check it
bsnbipen
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Re: Ricoh printheads

Post by bsnbipen »

Hello Guys,

I saw a mention of APEX AMP before. Does anyone has experience of using them?
picoj
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Re: Ricoh printheads

Post by picoj »

Just wanted to follow up on this post for anyone that comes across it.

I did built a printer around the MH5421. Sadly it was not compatible with my ink and there was a few months of my life gone. Once I recovered from that disappointment which took a while, I started building a system around the SG1024 and that is where i'm at currently.

This is a photo of the setup currently

Image
upload images

The learning curve was steep so happy to offer any suggestions to those starting out.
gutenborg
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Re: Ricoh printheads

Post by gutenborg »

I'm also thinking about using Apex MM04 to build a printer based on Ricoh Gen5, after previously trying to control a Xaar 128 with Arduino. However, Ricoh Gen5 has larger nozzle number and higher firing frequency than Xaar 128. While Apex MM04 acts as passthrough for SPI data and the datasheet doesn't specify it, I suspect that the bus speed must be 10-20 MHz. Arduino can only do 1 MHz, so what microcontroller do you recommend for uploading data? Do you think Arduino will be fine for testing if I can put up with the lower data transfer rate?

Also, Apex MM04 datasheet talks not only about print data but also about "matrix data" (for "matrix data", it also specifies a 20 MHz communication interface). On p. 13 it mentions "ML" signal with a footnote "See printhead specification" (referring, presumably, to the "secret" Gen5 user manual available only under NDA agreement). Were you able to learn anything about it? I'm not sure I understand the importance of the matrix data (does it set waveform intensity or waveform shape? is it handled by MM04 automatically etc. ?).
picoj
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Re: Ricoh printheads

Post by picoj »

Hi gutenborg,

Sorry for the slow reply i'm keen to help where I can.

The MM04 data sheet is a little confusing but the ML signal you're talking about is something that the MM04 takes care of. All you need to give it is print, data and clock. I i'm not certain but I don't think there are any timing requirements to this on the low side. I think it can probably be as slow as you like. The data sheet gives a typical value for clock speed but no minimum. I have a NDA with ricoh and it didn't really end up helping much for my use case at least. Everything you need to print is in the MM04 data sheet. The later parts of that timing diagram is what the MM04 does when it sends data to the printhead. Basically you clock in dataat whatever speed you want then the MM04 sends it to the head and takes care of any print head requirements. It's quite a cool product.

When I was initially testing out the MM04 I used a teency running Arduino. You can actually get pretty fast data out of this if you just keep the code minimal. I think I was getting data out at a few MHz from memory. The clock speed was 180Mhz from memory so it's pretty fast.

The issue isn't really writing data out quickly as much as the ram you need to store your print data. The memory bandwidth is huge if you want to print at full speed so it really needs to be buffered in ram.

Since I wanted to print quickly I started out from the start with a FPGA for anything other than basic test patterns. I had never used one before and the learning curve was steep but once I got past it it's so much better. I used the PYNQ project with a Zynq FPGA so I can share RAM between the linux processor core and the FPGA. Basically I just write to ram, in linux with python, then the FPGA sends it out.

This might sound hard and was very intimidating at first but all the difficult FPGA linux stuff is provided by PYNQ, all you need to write is a comparably simple FPGA program and use the existing block diagram IP for the rest. I would also suggest avoiding using GPT to write any FPGA code I wasted literally months there :lol:

Anyway this is the implementation I got to with the MP113 and SG1024. I realised that the Ricoh GEN5 heads were not chemically compatible with what I wanted to print.

But I do have a full working program for the MM04 which can print a limited amount of data, it just uses BRAM on the FPGA instead of DRAM. So it's limited to 200kb from memory but other than that it's the same.

I was going to open source my FPGA codes and image data generation / weaving at some point but I haven't gotten around to it. I can add you or anyone else to this repository if you like as I said it's a full working implementation.
Last edited by picoj on Tue Nov 05, 2024 8:35 am, edited 1 time in total.
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